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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

湖南基层卫生院：医药送上门 联动护重症******

　　中新社长沙1月10日电 题：湖南基层卫生院：医药送上门 联动护重症

　　中新社记者 唐小晴

　　“这是我们自制的抗病毒汤剂，内含十几味中药，对感染奥密克戎毒株后的发热、咽喉疼痛和咳嗽咳痰等症状疗效很好。”在湖南长沙县江背镇中心卫生院煎药室，院长江鑫和同事正忙着给刚熬好的中药装袋。

　　中国防控疫情进入新阶段。尤其是春节将至，返乡人员增多，医疗资源相对匮乏的农村地区疫情防控、医疗救治工作备受瞩目。

　　在长沙，为减缓疫情向农村地区快速蔓延，有序做好春节期间疫情防控工作，当地要求由各区县(市)分期分批次免费向全市农村地区人员供应方药，特别是65岁以上合并冠心病、高血压、糖尿病等8类基础疾病的老年人、孕产妇、透析患者等重点关爱人群。

　　快速攀升的感染人数，让基层医疗机构压力倍增。江背镇中心卫生院服务覆盖4个社区、9个行政村，感染高峰期，卫生院一天门诊量达300多人，住院病人暴增。“增设床位20多张，妇产科、中医科也增设病床，住院病人应收尽收。”江鑫说。

　　每天上午，卫生院会在门诊集中派发抗病毒汤剂，免费提供中药方剂。“住院患者也吃抗病毒中药。医务人员会给住院老人多吸氧、拍背排痰，鼓励他们多补充蛋白质，告诉他们咳嗽不是坏事，要把痰咳出来。”江鑫说，卫生院还会联系村组，把中药和抗原试剂送到贫困户、独居老人家中。

　　江背镇福田村三里塘组71岁的唐海元发热后咽喉疼痛、咳嗽。在老人家中，医护人员帮其测血压、血糖、血氧，还送上“健康礼包”。“嗲嗲，这是抗病毒中药，一次一包，一天两次，要热一下再恰(长沙方言，意为吃)，还要注意休息，加强营养。”一同上门的家庭医生团队长陈艳红耐心指导老人用药。她介绍，除中药汤剂，“健康礼包”里还有口罩、抗原和退热药。

　　元旦以来，江背镇中心卫生院共发放包装中药一万多包。江鑫说，卫生院的中药由银翘散和麻杏石甘汤加减化裁制成，每天要熬制一两千包。“这是南方治疗新冠的协定方，处方我们会随机调整，精准治疗。”江鑫举例说，如果这几天患者咳嗽咳痰多，止咳化痰成分的中药就多用点。

　　在卫生院，记者遇到来为江背镇敬老院老人开药的陈先中。“一些有基础病的老人感染后咳嗽重。我们线上问诊后来拿药，开了20副中药和一些止咳化痰的药。”陈先中说。

　　畅通急危重症转诊通道是保障农村老年人就医的关键环节之一。遇到重症病例，江背镇中心卫生院立即启动转诊绿色通道，第一时间将患者送到三甲医院和县医院救治。“发现白肺就及时通过医联体转诊，县里还组建了一个县乡联动医疗救治群医疗，负责救治、药品采购和专家会诊。”江鑫说。

　　春节期间，江背镇医护人员和家庭医生通过电话、视频、微信或线下随访等方式加强对居家治疗观察人员的健康监测，指导用药和抗原检测。“镇上会组织医护人员到村下户为老年人接种疫苗，尽最大努力为重点人群提供强有力的医疗保障。”江鑫同时表示，救治危急重症患者是基层医疗机构的短板。

　　“我们会保障农村居家的轻症患者及时得到治疗，为有就医需求的患者提供诊疗服务，及时发现、识别重症风险人群，协助及时顺畅转诊，平稳度过疫情冲击。”有着20多年基层从医经验的江鑫建议，春节期间，老年人还是要居家不聚集，做到经常开窗通风、提升免疫力。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）